ELM regime classification by conformal prediction on an information manifold

Characterization and control of plasma instabilities known as edge-localized modes (ELMs) is crucial for the operation of fusion reactors. Recently, machine learning methods have demonstrated good potential in making useful inferences from stochastic fusion data sets. However, traditional classification methods do not offer an inherent estimate of the goodness of their prediction. In this paper, a distance-based conformal predictor classifier integrated with a geometric-probabilistic framework is presented. The first benefit of the approach lies in its comprehensive treatment of highly stochastic fusion data sets, by modeling the measurements with probability distributions in a metric space. This enables calculation of a natural distance measure between probability distributions: the Rao geodesic distance. Second, the predictions are accompanied by estimates of their accuracy and reliability. The method is applied to the classification of regimes characterized by different types of ELMs based on the measurements of global parameters and their error bars. This yields promising success rates and outperforms state-of-the-art automatic techniques for recognizing ELM signatures. The estimates of goodness of the predictions increase the confidence of classification by ELM experts, while allowing more reliable decisions regarding plasma control and at the same time increasing the robustness of the control system

Desigualdad y crecimiento en México: un análisis por entidad federativa

Utilizamos un modelo de generaciones superpuestas desarrollado por Castelló-Climent y Doménech (2008) que consideran la dinámica del capital humano en dos generaciones 1982 y 2007 para las entidades federativas de la República Mexicana. Encontramos varios estados estacionarios que dependen de las condiciones iniciales de la distribución de la educación. El estado estacionario más bajo es una trampa de pobreza en la cual los niños de familias pobres tienen esperanza de vida baja y laboran como trabajadores no calificados, tal es el caso del estado de Chiapas. La evidencia empírica sugiere que el mecanismo de la esperanza de vida explica una mayor parte de las relaciones entre la desigualdad y la acumulación del capital humano. El análisis desarrollado explica porqué la desigualdad en la distribución de la renta percápita puede ser dañina para la acumulación del capital humano. Hacemos una simulación de las generaciones para las entidades federativas de México para calcular los años que tardarán en conseguir un alto nivel de educación o para alcanzar un mejor nivel educativo.Utilizamos un modelo de generaciones superpuestas desarrollado por Castelló-Climent y Doménech (2008) que consideran la dinámica del capital humano en dos generaciones 1982 y 2007 para las entidades federativas de la República Mexicana. Encontramos varios estados estacionarios que dependen de las condiciones iniciales de la distribución de la educación. El estado estacionario más bajo es una trampa de pobreza en la cual los niños de familias pobres tienen esperanza de vida baja y laboran como trabajadores no calificados, tal es el caso del estado de Chiapas. La evidencia empírica sugiere que el mecanismo de la esperanza de vida explica una mayor parte de las relaciones entre la desigualdad y la acumulación del capital humano. El análisis desarrollado explica porqué la desigualdad en la distribución de la renta percápita puede ser dañina para la acumulación del capital humano. Hacemos una simulación de las generaciones para las entidades federativas de México para calcular los años que tardarán en conseguir un alto nivel de educación o para alcanzar un mejor nivel educativo

Més fotos del VI Congrés. Recés i dinar ben guanyats

Abstract not availabl

Segregación ocupacional por razones de género en el Estado de México, 1990-2000

El artículo plantea la evolución de la segregación por ocupación en el Estado de México en el periodo 1990-2000. Se describe y analiza también la situación delmercado laboral en la entidad durante este periodo. Asimismo, el documento aporta evidencias acerca de las diferencias de la ocupación de hombres y mujeres. Para estimar las diferencias ocupacionales por sexo se utiliza el índice propuesto por Karmel y MacLachlan (1988). Se observó un incremento del índice durante los años de estudio, debido a que las mujeres continuaron ocupándose en los empleos tradicionales.El artículo plantea la evolución de la segregación por ocupación en el Estado de México en el periodo 1990-2000. Se describe y analiza también la situación delmercado laboral en la entidad durante este periodo. Asimismo, el documento aporta evidencias acerca de las diferencias de la ocupación de hombres y mujeres. Para estimar las diferencias ocupacionales por sexo se utiliza el índice propuesto por Karmel y MacLachlan (1988). Se observó un incremento del índice durante los años de estudio, debido a que las mujeres continuaron ocupándose en los empleos tradicionales

Differences in physical activity levels in school-based contexts – influence of gender, age, and body weight status

The purposes of this study were to compare the objectively measured physical activity levels across physical education, school playtime and extra-curricular sport in secondary school students, as well as to examine the influence of gender, age, and body weight status on adolescents’ objective physical activity levels in these contexts. A hundred and two secondary school students (age 12.53±1.56 years) participated in the present study. Students’ objective physical activity levels were estimated by the multi-sensor device SenseWear Pro2 Armband during a physical education, school playtime and extra-curricular sport session. The result of the one-way multivariate analysis of covariance indicated statistically significant higher values of steps/ min, average metabolic equivalent of task, and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in extracurricular sport than in physical education and school playtime (p<.001). Additionally, metabolic equivalent of task values were statistically significantly greater in physical education than in school playtime (p<.001). On the other hand, the results of the two-way multivariate analyses of covariance showed an influence of gender and age on physical activity levels in these contexts (p<.001), whilst for body weight status no influence was found (p>.05). This preliminary evidence could inform and guide future policy regarding the promotion of physical activity among adolescents in these important school-based contexts. Since physical activity engagement in compulsory physical activity contexts, such as physical education lessons, is clearly insufficient, parents, teachers and institutions should encourage students to achieve health-related physical activity levels during their free time

Youth Unemployment in the States of Mexico

This research, through the decomposition of unemployment in seasonality, trend and cycle, shows that youth unemployment has larger dimensions than general unemployment, that through an analysis of the Mexican States, we find unemployment in each of them has a great variety in ways that are different over time and that to solve or take economic policy measures to alleviate youth unemployment, it is important to consider the temporal factors that affect it

El conocimiento practico como Trasfondo de la intencionalidad

In this paper it is examined Searle's thesis that the conditions of satisfaction of mental states are fixed against a background of nonrepresentational mental capabilities. First, I argue that the Searlean requirement regarding the nonrepresentational nature of the Background is unnecessary and mysterious. Secondly, I present an analysis of knowing-how (an essential ingredient in Background) and suggest the idea that practical capacities could be accommodated with the representational theory of mind if they are viewed as structures of states endowed with nonconceptual contents. This would permit a better understanding of how the Background performs the function that Searle confers to it

Considerations on Stellarator's Optimization from the Perspective of the Energy Confinement Time Scaling Laws

The Stellarator is a magnetic configuration considered a realistic candidate for a future thermonuclear fusion commercial reactor. The most widely accepted scaling law of the energy confinement time for the Stellarator is the ISS04, which employs a renormalisation factor, fren, specific to each device and each level of optimisation for individual machines. The fren coefficient is believed to account for higher order effects not ascribable to variations in the 0D quantities, the only ones included in the database used to derive ISS04, the International Stellarator Confinement database. This hypothesis is put to the test with symbolic regression, which allows relaxing the assumption that the scaling laws must be in power monomial form. Specific and more general scaling laws for the different magnetic configurations have been identified and perform better than ISS04, even without relying on any renormalisation factor. The proposed new scalings typically present a coefficient of determination R2 around 0.9, which indicates that they basically exploit all the information included in the database. More importantly, the different optimisation levels are correctly reproduced and can be traced back to variations in the 0D quantities. These results indicate that fren is not indispensable to interpret the data because the different levels of optimisation leave clear signatures in the 0D quantities. Moreover, the main mechanism dominating transport, in reasonably optimised configurations, is expected to be turbulence, confirmed by a comparative analysis of the Tokamak in L mode, which shows very similar values of the energy confinement time. Not resorting to any renormalisation factor, the new scaling laws can also be extrapolated to the parameter regions of the most important reactor designs available